Methods of weaving frieze fabrics



Aug. 23, 1955 N. o. e. NELSON METHODS OF WEAVING FRIEZE FABRICS Filed April 15, 1953 INVENTOR. BYA/EZS' 0. 411 619071 fi M Q fi ATTORATX United States Patent 9 METHODS OF WEAVING FRIEZE FABRICS Nils 0. G. Nelson, Clinton, Mass.

Application April 15, 1953, Serial No. 348,878

7 Claims. (Cl. 13 116.6)

This invention relates to a method of weaving frieze fabrics, and more particularly to a novel method of weaving frieze fabrics whereby the weaving operation may be performed more rapidly and efficiently, and by means of which the fabrics will be of a more uniform texture throughout, and particularly in the formation of the frieze loops.

Heretofore, in the weaving of fabrics of the frieze type, whether the fabrics be of the boucle kind with the frieze loops alternating in successive picks, or whether the same be of the plain frieze kind with the loops forming a series of continuous ribs across the fabric, it was customary to employ so-called gage wires which were of a rigid character and of a size sufficient in crosssection to form the loops, certain shots of the filling being laid in the fabric over the gage wires thereby to support the loops, the size of which was, in each instance, determined by the size of the gage wires used.

However, in this method it was necessary to employ gage wires of such size that the same would take up an excessive amount of room in the dent spaces of the reed and this would interfere with the free and easy shedding of the warp, both of the ground cloth ends and the loop forming ends. it was therefore necessary to employ a coarse weave with the result that it was extremely difiicult to form an even textured and firmly bound fabric.

The object of the present invention is to provide a novel method of weaving frieze fabrics by means of which such fabrics of a better quality than heretofore obtainable may be expeditiously and economically woven.

The nature and characteristic features of the invention will be more readily understood from the following description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawing forming part hereof in which:

Figure l is a sectional view which illustrates schematically the weaving of a frieze fabric, of a boucle type, according to the method of the present invention; and

Fig. 2 is a top or plan view which illustrates, also schematically, the interweaving of the various yarns.

It should, of course, be understood that the description and drawing herein are illustrative merely and that various changes and modifications may be made in the weave therein shown without departing from the spirit of the invention.

In the weaving of a fabric in accordance with the present invention, there are used essentially, in each complete set of warp. a pair of ground or binder warps, and two loop forming warps which emerge to form the loops. However, in the weaving of a boucle type of fabric it is usually better to provide two ground ends for each loop forming warp which, however, would be disposed in the fabric the same as the other pair of ground ends. Such an arrangement is shown in the drawing.

In the fabric, as shown in the drawing, there are essentially, in each set of warp, two ground ends designated 2,7 15,9 1 9 Patented Aug. 23, 1955 "ice G and G and two loop forming ends designated L and L Preferably, there are also employed in each set of warp an additional pair of ground ends G and G which would be disposed, one on each side of the loop forming end L as shown more particularly in Fig. 2 of the drawing.

There are also employed, in the carrying out of the method, for each set of warp ends, a pair of thin flexible wires W and W which extend into the fell of the cloth a sufficient distance to maintain the requisite tension thereon. These wires W and W are separately and alternately shedded by suitable heddles whereby the sustaining or waste picks, which are used for forming the loops in the same manner as in commonly done in the weaving of frieze fabrics, may be inserted both over and below the wires W and W in the manner and at the times as required in the formation of the weave.

In the weaving of the fabric as shown in the drawing, there are four picks of the weft to each repeat, said picks being numbered 1, 2, 3 and 4 in the order in which they are inserted, and the weft inserted by each alternate pick 1 and 3 serves as a sustaining weft to form and hold the frieze loops and cause the same to extend a sufiicient distance out of the face of the ground fabric. These sustaining Wefts 1 and 3 are usually pulled out or otherwise removed and become waste after the weaving has been completed.

In the weaving of the fabric, as shown in the drawing, the weft of pick one, which is a sustaining weft, is inserted under the loop end L over the wire W under the wire W and over all of the other warp ends in the set.

The weft of pick two is inserted between the ground ends G and G over the loop forming end L under the loop forming end L under wires W and W and between the ground ends G and G The weft of pick three, which is also a sustaining weft, is inserted under the wire W over wire W under the loop forming end L and over all the other warp ends.

The weft of pick four is inserted between ground ends G and G over the loop forming ends L under the loop end L under the wires W and W and between the ground ends G and G Each pair of ground ends is crossed between pick two and pick four in each repeat and also between pick four of each repeat and pick two of the succeeding repeat.

As hereinbefore pointed out, the wires extend into the fell of the cloth a sufficient distance to cause the ends of the wires to be gripped by the interlacing thereof with the loop sustaining wefts, whereby the wires are maintained under sufficient tension to insure the'formation of the frieze loops of the proper size notwithstanding the relatively small size of the wires.

The tension of the wires ismaintained a suflicient amount to secure the formation of the frieze loops of proper size which preferably is determined by the letoff of the yarn used for the formation of the frieze loops.

In the practice of the method of the present invention it will be found to be possible to weave frieze fabric of a better and more uniform quality than has heretofore been obtained, and this may be done expeditiously and economically in a single shuttle loom, and in some cases two of such fabrics may be simultaneously woven in a double shuttle loom.

However, the present invention should not be confounded with those methods of weaving a single frieze fabric in a double shuttle loom in which two shots are simultaneously inserted to form the fabric, one in the ground cloth and the other as a sustaining or idle shot.

The present method will also be found useful when used in a double shuttle loom, as the Wires employed for weaving the lower fabric will also serve for guiding the upper shuttle in each passage across the shed. This is particularly true when it is desired to weave plain frieze fabrics in which the loops form a series of continuous libs across the fabric.

I claim:

1. The methodof Weaving frieze fabrics comprising the weaving of a ground cloth, interweaving therewith a plurality of loop forming warp ends, the provision with each set of warp ends of a pair of relatively thin flexible wires each of which is shedded alternately with respect to the other and each extending longitudinally above the ground cloth and into the fell of the cloth a sufficient, distance to impart substantial tension to said wires, inserting loop sustaining wefts at desired intervals each having portions alternately disposed over and under the wires, and carrying the loop forming warp ends over the sustaining wefts thereby to form frieze loops of a sizev wires each of which is shedded alternately with respect to the other and reach extending longitudinally" above a the ground cloth and into the fell of the cloth a suflicient distance to impart substantial tension to said wires, inserting loop sustaining wefts at desired intervals and interweaving the same with the wires, and carrying the loop forming warp ends over the sustaining wefts thereby to form frieze loops of a size appreciably greater than the size of the loop forming wires.

3. The method of weaving frieze fabrics comprising the weaving of a ground cloth, interweaving therewith a plurality of loop forming warp ends, the provision with each set of warp ends of a pair of relatively thin flexible wires each of which is shedded alternately with respect to the other and each extending longitudinally above the ground cloth and into the fell f the cloth a sufiicient distance to impart substantial tension to said wires, inserting loop sustaining wefts alternately with the wefts of the ground cloth and interweaving the same with the wires, and carrying the loop forming warp ends over the sustaining wefts thereby to form frieze loops of a size appreciably greater than the size of the loop forming wires.

4. The method of weaving frieze fabrics comprising the weaving of a ground cloth, interweaving therewith a plurality of'loop forming warp ends, the provision with each set of warp ends of a pair of relatively thin flexible wires' each of which is shedded alternately with respect to the other and each extending longitudinally above of the ground cloth and interweaving the same with the wires, and carrying alternate loop forming warp ends over alternate sustaining wefts thereby to form boucle frieze loops of a size appreciably greater than the size of the loop forming wires.

5. The method of weaving frieze fabrics comprising the weaving of a ground cloth, interweaving therewith a plurality of loop forming warp ends, the provision with each set of warp ends of a pair of relatively thin flexible wires each of which is shedded alternately with respect to the other and each extending longitudinally above the ground cloth and into the fell of the cloth a suflicient distance to impart substantial tension to said wires, inserting loop sustaining wefts at desired intervals and interweaving the same with the wires, and carrying alternate loop forming warp ends over alternate sustaining wefts thereby'to form boucle loops of a size appreciably greater than the size of the loop forming wires.

6. The method of weaving frieze fabrics comprising the weaving of a ground cloth, interweaving therewith a plurality of loop forming warp ends, the provision with each set of warp ends of a pair of relatively thin flexible wireseach of which is shedded alternately with respect to the other and each extending longitudinally above the ground cloth and into thefell of the cloth a sufficient distance to impart substantial tension to said wires, inserting loop sustaining wefts at desired intervals and interweaving the same with'the wires thereby to maintain said wires properly'positioned for forming the loops of desired height, and carrying the loop forming warp ends over the sustaining wefts thereby to form frieze loops of a size appreciably greater than the size of the loop forming wires.

7. The method of weaving frieze fabrics comprising the weaving of a ground cloth, interweaving therewith a plurality of loop forming warp ends, the provision with each set of warp ends of a pair of relatively thin flexible wires each of which is shedded alternately with respect to the other and each extending longitudinally. above the, ground cloth and into the fell of the cloth a sufficient distance to impart substantial tension'to said References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES'PATENTS 1,992,862 -Erkes Feb. 26, 1935 2,225,452 Jacobsen Dec. 17, 1940 2,599,293 Symonds June 3, 1952 FOREIGN PATENT S 425,464 France Apr. 5, 1911 

